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KMID : 0123420070120030352
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Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
2007 Volume.12 No. 3 p.352 ~ p.360
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The Association of Dietary Patterns with Bone Mineral Density in Middle-aged Women: A Cohort of Korean Genome Epidemiology Study
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Park Seon-Joo
Ahn Youn-Jhin
Kim Hyo-Mi
Joo Seong-Eun
Oh Kyung-Soo
Park Chan
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Abstract
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Several nutrients are known to affect bone mineral density (BMD). However, these nutrients are combined with food
intake and dietary patterns and little is known about the association of dietary patterns and BMD. The objective of
this study was to investigate the association of dietary patterns with BMD in Korea Genome Epidemiology Study
subjects. Among 2,884 women (40-69 yr) recruited at baseline study (2001), 861 subjects with BMD measurements
at baseline and a 4-year follow up study (2005) completed the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. BMD
was measured by the Quantitative Ultrasound method. One hundred three food items were combined into 17 food groups
and 4 dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Cluster analysis using factor score classified each subject into
one of three dietary pattern groups named ‘Rice and kimchi eating’ (n = 617), ‘Contented eating’ (n = 124), and
‘Healthy and light eating’ (n = 120). The ‘Healthy and light eating’ group, characterized by higher intake of fruit,
vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products, and younger age, more exercise, higher education, and higher income than
other groups. The tibia BMD of the ‘Healthy and light eating’ group was higher than the other groups after adjusting
for the age. After the adjustment for the age BMI and exercise, the ‘Healthy and light eating’ group showed
significantly lower odds of tibia osteopenia/osteoporosis risk compared to the ‘Rice and kimchi eating’ group both at
the baseline [OR(95% CI) : 0.50(0.30-0.84)] and follow-up [OR(95% CI) : 0.59(0.36-0.97)] examinations. The dietary
pattern with low calorie and high intakes of fruit, vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products may have beneficial effects
on BMD in middle-aged women. (Korean J Community Nutrition 12(3) : 352~360, 2007)
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KEYWORD
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osteopenia, osteoporosis risk, dietary pattern, bone mineral density
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